Blog

Activation Functions in Neural Networks: Intuition, Visuals, and Trade-offs
deep-learning neural-networks activation-functions
Why activation functions matter, popular choices, and how they shape learning—illustrated.
What is One Hot Encoding and How to Use It
machine-learning data-preprocessing feature-engineering
Master one hot encoding with interactive examples - transform categories into numbers machines can understand.
What Is Inference? Understanding the Prediction Process in ML
machine-learning inference ai
A story-first explanation of ML inference—the moment a model performs—and how to make it fast, reliable, and cost‑effective.
How to Keep a RAG System's Knowledge Up to Date
rag llm vector-db cdc systems-design
Stop boiling the ocean. Use CDC to upsert only the changes and keep your RAG system fresh in seconds at a fraction of the cost.
Why int's negative range is larger than its positive range
computer-science binary twos-complement integers
Two’s complement skews signed ints negative: [-2^(n-1), 2^(n-1)-1]. Here’s why, with 8‑bit examples and code pitfalls.